5Solid
B 10.811 Atomic mass · uMetalloids
Boron
Boron is a metalloid chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5. Produced entirely by cosmic ray spallation and supernovae and not by stellar nucleosynthesis, it is a low-abundance element in both the Solar system and the Earth's crust. Boron is concentrated on Earth by the water-solubility of its more common naturally occurring compounds, the borate minerals.
Discovery 1807 (Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac)
K2L3
Physical properties
Values for the element in its standard state.
- Density
- 2.46g/cm³
- Melting point
- 2,348K
- Boiling point
- 4,273K
- Atomic radius
- 82pm
- Bonding type
- Covalent network
- Molar heat
- 11.087J/(mol·K)
Inside the atom
Electron arrangement and the energy behind its behavior.
Full electron configuration
1s, 2 electrons; 2s, 2 electrons; 2p, 1 electrons;
[He] represents 2 core electrons. The full view shows them explicitly.
5 electrons Orbital order preserved from source
- Electronegativity
- 2.04Pauling scale
- First ionization energy
- 801kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 27kJ/mol
- Van der Waals radius
- Not available
B BoronAtomic number 5
801kJ/mol
Atomic numberGaps indicate unavailable data
About boron
- Appearance
- Black-brown
- Discovery
- 1807 (Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac)
- Data source
- Read the reference
A missing value means it is unavailable in this reference dataset. Values can vary with measurement method and conditions.